A mixture of oxygen and acetylene, burns as an intense focussed flame, at approximately 3,500 degrees centigrade. Gas shielded arc welding of aluminium gas shielded welding can be divided into the tungsten gas shielded welding and the. Because of the fast travel speed at which mig welding can be done, there is a smaller heataffected zone than with the shielded metal arc welding process. Use the following procedure for filing and tinning a copper figure 63. Gas tungsten arc welding gtaw, also known as tungsten inert gas tig welding, is an arc welding process that uses a nonconsumable tungsten electrode to produce the weld. Both require a gas fueled torch to raise the temperature of two similar pieces of metal to the fusion point that allows them to flow together. Grind or carbon arc joint f f f f f all filler metal note.
Welding procedure specification 4140 0 smaw smaw912004 912004 kelly bingham 3302004. Gas welding experiment gas welding i objectives giving an. Manual welding with equipment that automatically controls one or more of the. Gas metal arc welding gmaw, sometimes referred to by its subtypes metal inert gas mig welding or metal active gas mag welding, is a welding process in which an electric arc forms between a consumable mig wire electrode and the workpiece metals, which heats the workpiece metals, causing them to melt and join. Soldering, brazing, braze welding, wearfacing topics 1. The shielding gases and slag are provided by the decomposing flux that is contained within the electrode. For full details of gas combinations refer to csa standard w48. The gas and oxygen must be mixed to correct proportion and. Gas metal arc welding gmaw, sometimes referred to by its subtypes metal inert gas mig welding or metal active gas mag welding, is a welding process in which an electric arc forms between a.
Each welding procedure data sheet number should be unique so that the wpds can be easily referenced on production schedules, work orders, shop drawings etc. Pdf engineering model of metal active gas welding process for. Quality procedures and work instructions manual section page date revision ii. Guidelines for gas tungsten arc welding gtaw miller. Manual gas tungsten arc welding is a relatively difficult welding method, due to the coordination required by the welder. A distinct advantage of arc welding over gas welding is the concentration. Gas welding gas welding is a welding process that melts and joins metals by heating them with a flame caused by a reaction of fuel gas and oxygen. Depending on the type shielding gas, this process is of. Part 1 arc and gas welding of steels and arc welding of nickel and nickel alloys. The fuel gas commonly acetylene, when mixed with proper proportion of oxygen in a mixing chamber of welding torch, produces a very hot flame of about 57005800f. The choice of current and polarity depends on the process, the type of.
Welding the root pass before beginning to weld the pipe, the. Fusion and pressure welding of nonalloyed and lowalloyed cast irons. The essential feature of the process is the small diameter electrode wire, which is fed continuously into the arc from a coil. Gas welding experiment gas welding i objectives giving. Date authorized by date supporting pqrs cvn report base metals specification type or grade aws group no. Control of inspection, measuring, and test equipment 12. Manual gas tungsten arc welding is often considered the most difficult of all the welding processes commonly used in industry. Each welding procedure specification shall include applicable essential variables. Gws and welding fabrication procedure wfp sections and criteria for joint details, repairs, nde, inspection etc. Breathing these fumes and gases can be hazardous to your health.
Auxiliary shielding is also used in certain instances where deeper penetration is needed. Intro to welding a weld is made when separate pieces of material to be joined combine and form one piece when heated to a temperature high enough to cause softening or melting. Protect yourself and others from flying sparks and hot metal. Gas cylinders and acetylene generator, regulators, hoses with fittings, goggles. A welding procedure specification wps sets broad guidelines for the shop and field welding. Pdf this study presents a computational framework for an efficient distortion analysis based on coupled processmechanics modeling of.
If this is not possible, tightly cover them with approved covers. The most popular processes are shielded metal arc welding smaw, gas metal arc welding gmaw and gas tungsten arc welding gtaw. Also known as tungsten inert gas tig, the process uses a nonconsumable electrode. Other names for gas welding are oxyacetylene welding and oxy welding. A filler rod is used to deposit additional metal as necessary to merge the two base materials. Welding procedure demo specification wps gmaw position. Gas welding procedures and techniques flight mechanic. Air products welders handbook migmag welding principles gas shielded metal arc welding is a semiautomatic process which is suitable for both manual and mechanised operation. Date and revision enter the date the welding procedure data sheet was prepared and the revision number. Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of high strength steel. Date authorized by date supporting pqrs cvn report base metals. A welding procedure specification wps is a written document providing direction to the welder or welding operator. Process specification for the qualification of manual arc welders. Mig metal inert gas welding, also known as mag metal active gas and in the usa as gmaw gas metal arc welding, is a welding process that is now widely used for welding a variety of materials, ferrous and non ferrous.
Welding can be performed by pointing the torch flame in the direction that the weld is progressing. Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials welding procedure test. A mixture of oxygen and acetylene, burns as an intense focussed flame, at approximately 3,500 d. Video an introduction to gas welding oxyacetylene oxyacetylene gas welding is commonly used to permanently join mild steel. Fusion welding is a joining process that uses fusion of the base metal to make the weld. Manual oxyflame cutting of a round hole or disc can be made easier using a.
Ventilate the work area andor use local forced ventilation at the arc to remove welding fumes and gases. The most commonly used method is oxyacetylene welding, due to its high flame temperature. All welding procedure specifications shall be submitted to the bureau for. Arc welding arc welding is a process that uses an electric arc to join the metals being welded. Safety in gas welding, cutting and similar processes hse. Free guide on how to do mig welding using a mig welder metal inert gas. Depending on the pipe size, a half round file can be used to remove any burrs created when the land is ground on to the end of the pipe. Developed in 1903, gas welding is used to weld pipes and tubes together while also being an effective way to repair metal. Mig welding metal inert gas welding mig is a process in which a consumable wire electrode is fed into an arc and weld pool at a steady but adjustable rate, while a continuous envelope of inert gas flows out.
Most of the processes use high energy to cause melting of the part surfaces to be joined. Many professionals use gas welding as the equipment is versatile. This includes the diameter and the classification of the electrode. See gws 106 and wfps for joint details preparation. This is referred to as forehand welding, and is the most commonly used method for lighter tubing and sheet metal. No this wps shall be used in conjunction with the general welding standards gws and welding fabrication.
This is referred to as forehand welding, and is the most commonly used method for lighter tubing and sheet. Giving an overview of the gas or oxyacetylene welding processes. Fundamentals of gas cutting and welding ced engineering. Chapter 6 soldering, brazing, braze welding, wearfacing. When using an oxygenfuel gas process to perform welding or cutting, the operator. Record the complete generic composition or gas trade name as shown on the. How to write a welding procedure specification wps. Welding procedure specifications submitted for acceptance should cover as a minimum the items specified in appendix d of csa standard w47. Cutting with the oxyfuel process is just the opposite from of welding. Base metal thickness aswelded with pwht base material cjp groove welds welded to cjp groove wcvn backing material pjp groove welds other.
Mig welding is the process of using electricity to melt and join pieces of metal together. It is clarified that this handbook does not supersede any existing instructions. This wps shall be used in conjunction with the general welding standards gws and welding fabrication procedure wfp sections and criteria for joint details, repairs, nde, inspection etc. This procedure uses crc evans welding equipment and includes a provision for mechanized gas shielded fcaw up for fill and cap passes. No this wps shall be used in conjunction with the general welding standards gws and welding fabrication procedure wfp sections and criteria for joint details, repairs, nde, inspection etc. Welding 5 certification theory, department of training and. Process specification for the qualification of manual arc. The symbols shown below are used throughout this manual. Flux cored arc welding fcaw an arc welding process that produces coalescence of metals by means of a tubular electrode. Do not weld where flying sparks can strike flammable material. If you are not familiar with the safety practices, procedures and techniques of basic welding, you will need to supplement this guide with.
The smaller heataffected zone results in less grain growth, less distortion, and less loss of temper in the base metal. Reference standards some welding standards that may be referenced are. Mig welding is generally regarded as one of the easiest type of welding to learn. Safety in gas welding, cutting and similar processes. Safe operating procedures sop 15 oxy acetylene cutting. Mig metal inert gas welding, also known as mag metal active gas and in the usa as gmaw gas metal arc welding, is a welding process that is now widely used for welding a variety of materials. Workshop self inspection checklist welding work02 welding areas and operations assessor location date this core checklist is provided by the health and safety department as a template. Guidelines for shielded metal arc welding smaw for product information, owners manual translations, and more, visit. Both require a gasfueled torch to raise the temperature of two similar pieces of metal to the fusion point that allows them to flow together.
Weld the metals with oxyacetylene process on different joints and positions. Gas metal arc welding gmaw, by definition, is an arc welding process which produces the coalescence of metals by heating them with an arc between a continuously fed filler metal electrode and the work. Arcwelding introduction arc welding is the fusion of two pieces of metal by an electric arc between the pieces being joined the work pieces and an electrode that is guided along the joint between the pieces. Stick welding application shielded metal arc welding is one of the most widely used processes, particularly for short welds in production, maintenance and repair work, and for field construction. Paw is less sensitive to unintentional arc length variations during manual welding and. D use ac output only if required for the welding process.
Identify gas and arc welding defects and adopt remedies. Scope this welding procedure specification details the procedure to. Relevant sketches are given wherever required to make the subject interesting. The process uses shielding from an externally supplied gas to protect the molten weld pool. The filler rod is kept ahead of the tip in the direction the weld is going and is added to the puddle. Welding is a skill that needs to be developed over time, with a piece of metal in front of you. The equipment is relatively simple, inexpensive, and portable. Signature on file at fwodecs signature on file at fwodecs wednesday, september 22, 2004 page 1 of 2. Welding the root pass before beginning to weld the pipe, the procedure should be checked to assure that the correct electrode is being used. Gas welding and cutting oxyfuel welding, commonly referred to as oxy welding or gas welding is a process of joining metals by application of heat created by gas flame. Similar to torch welding, gtaw normally requires two hands, since most applications require that the welder manually feed a filler metal into the weld area with one hand while manipulating the welding torch in the other. It is not intended as a comprehensive manual, nor does it contain the scope of information needed for commercial or industrial welding purposes. Connect work cable to the work as close to the welding area as practical to prevent welding current from traveling long, possibly. Be alert that welding sparks and hot materials from.
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